The stratosphere the atmosphere's second layer, and is located right above the troposphere and right below the mesosphere. When greenhouse gases rise into the atmosphere, they form chloride ions that destroy the ozone layer by making holes in it. The stratosphere is a major stable layer whose base is marked by the tropopause, and where temperatures overall average approximately 60 C.Temperature in the lower stratosphere is isothermal but increases markedly in the upper part, to reach a maximum of . - Facts, Layers & Population, The Changing Earth: Volcanoes, Weathering & Deposition, The Four Spheres of Earth: Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, and Atmosphere, Interactions of Earth's Spheres: Purpose and Examples, Ionosphere: Definition, Facts, Temperature & Layers, Understanding Plate Tectonics: Tutoring Solution, Understanding Earthquakes: Tutoring Solution, Understanding Volcanoes: Tutoring Solution, Rock Deformation & Mountain Building: Tutoring Solution, Shaping the Earth's Surface: Tutoring Solution, Energy in the Earth System: Tutoring Solution, Earth's Energy Resources: Tutoring Solution, Earth's Material Resources: Tutoring Solution, Earth Science Investigation & Experimentation: Tutoring Solution, Environmental Science 101: Environment and Humanity, UExcel Pathophysiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Stratosphere Lesson for Kids: Definition & Facts, What is Alginic Acid? This decrease in temperature with altitude is what causes convection to occur in the troposphere. The atmosphere surrounds our planet like the peel of an orange. Nasa Ozone Watch: Ozone facts Because of this, jet aircraft and weather balloons reach their maximum operational altitudes within the stratosphere. Providing an environment conducive to good instruction and motivation in which there is an atmosphere of self-motivation and self-discipline in the areas of personal development, character, and academic integrity. Ionization takes place in the ionosphere caused by the suns radiation. Aurora is also referred to as polar light. Its about 6,200 miles (10,000 kilometers) thick. What are 3 interesting facts about Mercury? The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. The mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere (above the troposphere and stratosphere.) The exosphere gradually fades away into the realm of interplanetary space. - There are no clouds in the layer, and though . Stratosphere is the second layer. Strat means layer. Overall, the attenuation of solar UV at wavelengths that damage DNA by the ozone layer allows life to exist on the surface of the planet outside of the ocean. As a result, the air in the stratosphere is about 1000 times thinner in the stratosphere than at sea level in the troposphere. The next higher layer above the stratosphere is the mesosphere. Blue jets are an extremely rare form of lightning or electrical discharge from clouds in the troposphere. Because the temperature in the tropopause and lower stratosphere is largely constant with increasing altitude, very little convection and its resultant turbulence occurs there. Why Is Carbon Important? 29. The Brief Overview. At the outer limit of the magnetic field is the magnetosphere. They are a combination of supercooled water and nitric acid that develop at very low temperatures. The top of the stratosphere occurs at an altitude of 50 km (31 miles). Though the atmosphere may appear uniform to the naked eye, it is actually similar to a layer cake. 22. We take a closer look at the stratosphere and its defining characteristics. We humans live in the troposphere, and nearly all weather occurs in this lowest layer. 7. Its upper edge has maximum ozone concentration, referred to as the ozone belt. This breaking is caused due to a highly non-linear interaction between the vertically propagating planetary waves and the isolated high potential vorticity region known as the polar vortex. 4. Convection is when gases cool as they rise, allowing them to condense on air molecules which form clouds. 25. The stratosphere extends from the tropopause at about 10 to 17 km (about 6 to 11 miles) altitude to its upper boundary (the stratopause) at . Mercury's magnetic field is different at its poles. 17. The ozone layer absorbs the majority of these rays, shielding life from harmful radiation. Earths atmosphere has six different layers. The air density is also very low, making it less turbulent to travel through. Earth's atmosphere is composed of about 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and one percent other gases. They go from the ground all the way to outer space. [4] Temperatures range from an average of 51C (60F; 220K) near the tropopause to an average of 15C (5.0F; 260K) near the mesosphere. The Stratosphere also has three thrill rides at the top. 24. As you might imagine, the "air" in the exosphere is very, very, very thin, making this layer even more space-like than the thermosphere. Polar Stratospheric Clouds develop in this layer near the poles at an altitude of 15 - 25 kilometers. Here are 50 Interesting facts about the atmosphere that you probably didnt know. The particles in this layer are electrically charged, and when they hit each other, aurora australis can be observed. Moreover, it regulates the temperature extremes that are likely to occur between day and night. Just above that is the stratosphere, the area of the atmosphere where passenger airplanes and weather balloons fly. A good percentage of the earths population breathes contaminated air, primarily sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide emitted by industrial factories. Each year, this large amount of water is recycled about 40 times. This layer holds 19 percent of the atmosphere's gases but very little water vapor. It changes sometimes unpredictably Stratosphere - Wikipedia One wild characteristic of the stratosphere is a phenomenon that occurs, which is known as blue jets. N.Butchart, A.A. Scaife, J. Austin, S.H.E. 2 It extends from a height of approximately 65 km (40 miles) to 85 km (53 miles) above the Earth's surface. The stratosphere is where youll find the very important ozone layer. The Mesosphere | Center for Science Education ozone depletion, gradual thinning of Earth's ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Moving upward from ground level, these layers are called the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. measured by the humidity of the air. Facts About The Stratosphere: What It Is And Its Defining Characteristics Since blue light has short wavelengths, it gets reflected more compared to other colors. However, it is made up out of five different layers: The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Earth's atmosphere has six layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, the ionosphere, and the exosphere. 12 chapters | It is called stratosphere because it is stratified in temperature, with warmer layers higher up and cooler layers farther down. Once you leave the stratosphere, and enter the mesosphere, the temperature dramatically decreases until plummeting to around -184 degrees Fahrenheit. It acts as a giant sponge and absorbs the vast majority of the sun's dangerous Ultraviolet Light. The ionosphere stretches roughly 50 to 400 miles above Earth's surface, right at the edge of space. Earth's atmosphere has a series of layers, each with its own specific traits. It's about 6,200 miles (10,000 kilometers) thick. At an altitude of 100 km above sea level, a border represents the separation between the atmosphere and outer space. We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. Current map of global winds and temperatures at the 10 hPa level. The atmosphere is a layer of gases retained by gravity on the earth. The coldest temperatures are found in the mesopause. Its upper edge has maximum ozone concentration, referred to as the ozone belt. Exosphere | NASA Space Place - NASA Science for Kids Planes that are low on fuel also fly at this altitude because they can cover more distance than in the troposphere while using less fuel and encountering less turbulence. 110 lessons. The stratosphere is home to the ozone layer, which is a thin layer of concentrated ozone which plays an essential role in protecting the Earth from dangerous solar radiation. The next higher layer above the stratosphere is the mesosphere. ], While looking up at the sky on a cloud-free day, one will see what looks like a continuous piece of[], The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, It extends from a height of approximately 10 km. At the top of the stratosphere, the density of the air is close to zero. The stratosphere extends from the top of the troposphere to about 50 km (31 miles) above the ground. Most airplanes or jets travel in the lower part of the stratosphere. The stratosphere can be as deep 20 miles or as shallow as 5.5 miles. The timescale of this rapid mixing is much smaller than the much slower timescales of upwelling in the tropics and downwelling in the extratropics. Because of this temperature stratification, there is little convection and mixing in the stratosphere, so the layers of air there are quite stable. Discover fun facts about the stratosphere and stratosphere characteristics. On October 24, 2014, Alan Eustace became the record holder for reaching the altitude record for a manned balloon at 135,890ft (41,419m). Close to the tropopause, temperatures start at approximately -51 Celsius (-60 Fahrenheit) and continue to rise until reaching the stratopause, where temperatures reach -15 Celsius (5 Fahrenheit). As mentioned in the introduction, certain birds such as cranes, swans, and vultures can fly at this altitude. 3090 Center Green Drive, Boulder, CO 80301, Air pressure drops, and temperatures get colder, as you climb higher in the troposphere, ACOM | Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling, CISL | Computational & Information Systems, EdEC | Education, Engagement & Early-Career Development, Government Relations & External Engagement. What's in the Atmosphere? | NASA Climate Kids What Is the Greenhouse Effect? Ozone (O3) photolysis produces O and O2. The lower portion of the stratosphere is nearly isothermal (a layer of constant temperature), whereas temperatures in its upper levels increase with altitude. This layer is 22 miles (35 kilometers) thick. [24], Seinfeld, J. H., and S. N.(2006), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change 2nd ed, Wiley, New Jersey. The wind, which is the air current, is generated when the hot air rises and gets replaced by colder air. The stratosphere is a layer of Earths atmosphere. 2. That's the opposite of how the . The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere, in between the troposphere and the mesosphere. 12. 31. Learn about the stratosphere, including the stratosphere's definition and importance. This site is owned and operated by Autumn Skies Online Pty Ltd, a limited liability company headquartered in Somerset West, South Africa. Ozone layer lies about 19-32 km over the earths surface. The following list highlights the characteristics and facts of the stratosphere in more detail. This diagram shows some of the features of the stratosphere. The atmosphere has nearly 37.5 million billion gallons of water at any given time. A rare type of electrical discharge, somewhat akin to lightning, occurs in the stratosphere. Variations in the amount of energy coming from the Sun exert a powerful influence on both the height of the top of this layer and the temperature within it. 77 Amazing, Interesting, and Exciting Facts about the Atmosphere The stratosphere is situated just above the troposphere, with a thin layer of air called the tropopause separating the two layers. It surrounds our planet, keeps us warm, gives us oxygen to breathe, and it is where our weather happens. [2][3] The stratosphere is an atmospheric layer composed of stratified temperature layers, with the warm layers of air high in the sky and the cool layers of air in the low sky, close to the planetary surface of the Earth. Because of this, the top of the thermosphere can be found anywhere between 500 and 1,000 km (311 to 621 miles) above the ground. 1. Air circulation within the stratosphere is dominated by the Brewer-Dobson Circulation, which is a single-celled air movement that stretches from the Poles to the Equator. The temperature increases to about negative {eq}5 {/eq} F in the stratosphere. Some of these waves and tides carry energy from the troposphere upward into the stratosphere, others convey energy from the stratosphere up into the mesosphere. Thermosphere | NASA Space Place - NASA Science for Kids The stratosphere is one of the 5 layers of the atmosphere, situated above the troposphere and below the mesosphere at an altitude of 10 km (6 miles), extending to 50 km (30 miles). The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which shields the Earth from harmful radiation emitted from the Sun. The stratosphere also contains the ozone layer, which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation as it enters our atmosphere from the sun. Theexosphereis really, really big. Because of this, few clouds are found in this layer and almost all clouds occur in the lower, more humid troposphere. Another large-scale feature that significantly influences stratospheric circulation is the breaking planetary waves[15] resulting in intense quasi-horizontal mixing in the midlatitudes. As you go up, it becomes colder. 40 Unbelievable But True Troposphere Facts | Kidadl At Home Show All Free Coloring Pages Free Dot to Dot Printables Free Printable Stencils Funnies Trivia Birthdays Books Creative, Arts & Crafts The stratosphere is a layer of Earths atmosphere. High School Math Teacher for the 2023-2024 School Year at The Grove Its magnetic field goes up to 60,000 km into space. This article focus on the stratosphere, Earth's second layer. Troposphere - The lowest level of our atmosphere is called the Troposphere. To learn more about each layer of the atmosphere, click the images below. You might have seen planes leaving white condensation trails. 27. [21] Bar-headed geese (Anser indicus) sometimes migrate over Mount Everest, whose summit is 8,848m (29,029ft). . Earths atmosphere has six layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, the ionosphere, and the exosphere. Strat means layer. Within no time, the vapor from the exhaust freezes and turns visible. Mesosphere lies between 50-85 km above sea level. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. This layer of our atmosphere has its own set of layers. The air in the stratosphere is about 1000 thinner than the air at sea level in the troposphere. However, as you enter the stratosphere, the ozone gas absorbs the ultraviolet light entering the atmosphere from the sun. These events often precede unusual winter weather [16] and may even be responsible for the cold European winters of the 1960s.[17]. The stratosphere is very cold, ranging in temperatures from negative 68F to negative 5F. Although the sun and other planets have magnetospheres, the earths magnetosphere is the strongest one of all the rocky planets. It is important because it contains the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from harmful UV rays. Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are the exception. Above the troposphere and below the mesosphere, we have the stratosphere. Like an onion, the Earth's atmosphere is composed of many layers. In fact it is not easy to distinguish between space and not space because of the fact that the Earths atmosphere doesnt simply vanish; rather, it gradually becomes thinner and thinner over about 600 miles. It means temperatures rise as altitude increases in this region, unlike the other four layers, which are characterized by a drop in temperature as altitude increases. This layer separates the rest of the atmosphere from outer space. . The atmospheric balance is jeopardized by human activities that cause global warming, greenhouse effect, ozone belt destruction, air contamination, and acid rains. Three Highest Thrill Rides in the World. This is the opposite of what happens in the troposphere, where an increasing altitude yields a decrease in temperature. The composition of the atmosphere of each celestial body is different. Near the equator, the lower edge of the stratosphere is as high as 20km (66,000ft; 12mi), at midlatitudes around 10km (33,000ft; 6.2mi), and at the poles about 7km (23,000ft; 4.3mi). Meteorological phenomena are limited to the troposphere since they result from the earths rotation and suns radiation on the atmosphere. The exosphere gradually fades away into the realm of interplanetary space. It not only examines what the stratosphere is but also looks at the characteristics or facts that define it. This border is known as the Karman line. The lack of particles in the air causes less friction to hold an aircraft back, which requires less power to travel faster and further. Stratospheric circulation is a predominantly wave-driven circulation in that the tropical upwelling is induced by the wave force by the westward propagating Rossby waves, in a phenomenon called Rossby-wave pumping. It extends above the tropopause to an altitude of 50 km above the earth. The atmosphere is one of four spheres of the earth, which include the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere. 90% of the ozone layer is found in the stratosphere's upper crust. The atmosphere comprises five layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Composition of the Earth's atmosphere. The stratosphere is the second layer in the Earth's atmosphere. Clouds rarely form in the stratosphere for this reason as well, as the air is very dry. The aurora, the Northern Lights and Southern Lights, occur in the thermosphere. The jet stream flows near the border between the troposphere and the stratosphere. Clouds form when water vapor condenses into a liquid, and with very little water, vapor condensation is virtually impossible. The Earth's atmosphere is very important, as each layer plays a role for life on Earth. It contains 80% of the atmospheric weight, making it the densest layer. Create your account. Create an account to start this course today. The ozone layer is a layer of gas within the stratosphere that protects the Earth's surface from harmful ultraviolet sun rays. The stratosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen. The Earth's atmosphere is made up of roughly 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and 0.1% other gases. What's in the Atmosphere? However, just above that is an equally important layer called the stratosphere. The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over Antarctica. There are forms of biological bacteria living in the stratosphere. Ozone depletion | Facts, Effects, & Solutions | Britannica That means that to get to outer space, you have to be really far from Earth. There are some species of birds capable of flying in the stratosphere. These elements react with toxic gases, salt, smoke, and volcanic ash. All air entering the stratosphere must pass through the tropopause, the temperature minimum that divides the troposphere and stratosphere. But its not the same everywhere. Layers of the Atmosphere | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Layers of the atmosphere: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. Moreover, the distance between the molecules increases as you move up the different layers. [5] Stratospheric temperatures also vary within the stratosphere as the seasons change, reaching particularly low temperatures in the polar night (winter). 8. The temperatures decrease by 6.5 degrees Celsius each kilometer, reaching -55 degrees Celsius at the top limit of the troposphere, commonly known as the tropopause. A Division ofAutumn Skies Online (Pty) Ltd Disclaimer 77 Exciting Facts about the Atmosphere - LovePsychologys In fact, the ozone layer absorbs most of the UV radiation the sun sends to us. Convection is the process whereby warm air rises and cooler air descends. The main gases are nitrogen and oxygen, which make up 99% of the atmosphere. Just like the troposphere, its depth varies with latitude. The other four layers include the troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. There are no storms or turbulence here to mix up the air, so cold, heavy air is at the bottom and warm, light air is at the top. . Autumn Skies Online Pty Ltd also participates in affiliate programs with Clickbank, CJ, ShareASale, and other sites. It is enough to cover the entire earths surface with 1 cm of rain.

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